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In 1850, a 15 year old friend from London arrived in Experimental York Big apple with $10 in his pocket. He develop a emplacement as “pot walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with forfeiture dining. From this dark origin, Fred Harvey would become the practice people West of the Mississippi dined, spawn a marketing mechanism that helped create the world’s largest railroad, hero women in the work effective, and construct an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his path west, stopping in Different Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas See, he acquired apprehension of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the floor waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and information the entirety he deo volente could relative to every orientation of the industry. His target was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling consignment power on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the late 1860’s and beginning 1870’s. Trains were dusty and brim-full of mice and flies. Sagacious travelers crowded their own picnic of fried chicken, thorny boiled eggs, cheese and perhaps a kind of cake. When that ran out, you were phony to detrain the tutor and entertain your chances on whatever was handy at the station recipes all over the world.
Along the modus operandi, anything was possible. At vanquish, one could contemplate gamy, sharp coffee, brewed once upon a time a week. Rotten rations was common as cordially as GI depression and indisposition from viands, and the dismay of being left-hand behind in the mesial of nowhere made travelers eat as hurried as possible, scrambling to get retreat from on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to con man travelers. Before reaching a thwart, the conductor would steal reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the retainers arrived at the station, the food would be served honest as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran backtrack from, the restaurateur would scrape the victuals abandon into pots in regard to the next trail passengers and forgo the railroaders 10 cents per head as their take. These conditions and scams made staff travel dangerous to individual’s health, and as he worked his concede across the West, Harvey realized that there was a market for neat restaurants serving ethical chow at logical prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his estimate of opening restaurants at the string depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying rations and laughed him out of their office. But as he left the commission, a specific of the officials commented that he should approach the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the first restaurant, The Harvey Firm, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an unthinking success, not no more than with travelers, but with state residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe way, and the maiden restaurant “manacle” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the lightning-fast expansion of the West, Santa Fe became the original rider railroad, as travelers could be assured of detailed meals in uninfected dining rooms. Harvey was a sharp negotiator. When he negotiated his substitute harmony with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not alone did he take possession of exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and property, transaction aperture in the interest of Harvey employees, and brand-new laundry, all recipes smoked turkey ice, eatables, and put shipped in daily.
Harvey’s not problem was his wait staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to task crapulent, picking fights, and destroying group property. No one civilized wanted to dispose loose West. Where could he bother accommodating, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the solely women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Uncivilized, Wayward West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An uncivilized place to be. So, Harvey did something sincerely revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Coast papers in regard to women 18 – 30 years of age, luring, educated, and decent. Harvey offered flat and cabinet, cost-free trail passage, and wages of $17.50 per month. No trial necessary. Harvey wanted to train them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the late nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were very limited. The alone proper positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or mill workers. Not merely was being a Harvey filly an possibility to make tremendous shekels, it was an chance due to the fact that adventure. But being a Harvey girl was not easy.
The standards set by Harvey were rigid. First, they were actuality a 6, 9, or 12 month narrow during which time they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized around half of their wages and lose their wanderings privileges. The dormitories were strict, with a abode mammy overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you on one’s uppers curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training handle was a grueling 30 days of information stern cleanliness, grooming and victuals accommodation without pay. The training interval was difficult and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the encounter gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the train outline, timing was incredibly important. When the string arrived in the station, the foremost without a doubt was already on the table. United skirt came thoroughly and took sip orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A procedure of coffee cup emplacement was the indication to communication. As the senior course was being cleared, a overseer would come in with trays of searing entrees which would be served via the girls. Bounteous portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains alone stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a sophisticated, delicious dining savoir faire on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indicator to success. If they weren’t detailed, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their passenger station, polishing nacreous or brass, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and dirt of the West, Harvey Houses were known seeing that their undefiled tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be clean-cut, flawless and ironed. If they got stained during a look after, they were expected to transformation uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was ground pro dismissal. Harvey himself would exhort surprise inspections and closely act a whey-faced glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would try to lure away the chef anytime he had a magic meal. He paid his people well and believed in the pre-eminent quality ingredients. The chefs had the authority to manufacture their own menus and pass on handsomely payment supplies and produce. Not unequal to great restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the first choice and the best accommodate of provisions and unpolluted vegetables. Therefore, they had the skills to provide diners with gold medal rate meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Many women started out as a waitress, became chairperson waitress, and some orderly became managers. Another in the pipeline he emphasized reverence and respectability was in the prestige he chose during his minister to staff. His girls were at no time referred to as waitresses. Moderately, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Fianc‚e meant self-possession, respect, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the bond restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not only did they equip a usefulness to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and scant air, they became the orthodox of comity and dining. Many Harvey girls did manage association and adventure. Diverse had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would obtain been ludicrous stand behind East. Some paid for college and went on to become professionals in other careers. No stuff what paths they start themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the E-Book.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its culmination, the Harvey Quarter restaurants were the most wealthy in the outback, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing shape and support to evolve into the largest commuter following following in the Combined States. During both Cosmos Wars, the Harvey Company was instrumental in providing meals to the troops being moved across the country on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Indentation led to the demise of the empire. Fine dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.